Choose the correct answer in each case.
1. We’ve narrowed your computer problems down to two possibilities. Either you have a faulty video card or you have a computer virus. I have just run the latest anti virus software and it shows you have no infection. Therefore, you must have a faulty video card.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
2. We will not purchase the upgraded carpet if the standard carpet is acceptable. We are purchasing the upgraded carpet, so the standard carpet is not acceptable.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
3. The printer cannot be in both test mode and in ready mode at the same time. According to the light, it is not in ready mode, so it must be in test mode.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
4. If tickets for the Plastic Artichoke concert are on sale this morning, there will be a huge line at the ticket window. Look, there is a huge line–it goes around the block. That means that Plastic Artichoke tickets are on sale.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
5. The boat is beginning to list to one side. Only three things can cause this: shifted cargo, unevenly pumped ballast tanks, or a leak. Ted just told me that some of the cargo has shifted. Well, at least we know we don’t have a leak or a problem with the ballast tanks.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
6. The label is torn, so I can’t tell whether this developer is for color or for black-and-white film. But it does say, “Cannot be used for both color and black-and-white film.” I tested it on some color film and the film developed normally. Thus, the developer will not work on black and white film.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
7. This phone call cannot originate from both the US and Europe at the same time. The switching computer tells us that the call is coming in from the European city of Madrid. Thus the call is not originating in the US.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
8. If the water filtered through these rocks, it will contain traces of iron oxide. And we can conclude that it does contain traces of iron oxide because it did filter through these rocks.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
9. The compressor keeps shutting off after a few seconds and then restarting. Only two things can cause that: it is shorted internally or the refrigerant charge is low. I just checked the refrigerant charge and it is okay, so the compressor must be shorted internally.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid
10. We will have to check in at counter three if we are with a registered tour. But we are not with a registered tour, so we will not have to check in at counter three.
a. affirming a disjunct
b. affirming the consequent
c. denying a conjunct
d. denying the antecedent
e. valid